REGULATORY WATCH

Privacy, AI governance and data protection developments across the US and the EU, from regulators, legislatures and courts.

⚖️ Latest developments 🌐 Jurisdictions 📚 Law library
159
Last 30 days
24
High or critical
30
Enforcement actions
72
Laws tracked
All types Enforcement Legislation Rulemaking Guidance Litigation
Any impact Critical High Moderate Any time 7 days 30 days 90 days
144 developments
Moderate Guidance Published European Union · Oct 13, 2026
CEPD issues guidance on data protection challenges of smart glasses
The European Data Protection Board adopted a declaration on connected glasses and released a report outlining privacy risks. It clarifies when users act as data controllers under the GDPR and stresses that manufacturers and service…
European Data Protection Board (CEPD) · RGPD
Moderate Guidance Published European Union · Oct 13, 2026
EDPB issues guidance on privacy challenges of smart glasses
The European Data Protection Board adopted statement 1/2026 on smart glasses, highlighting serious privacy concerns and the need for transparency. It clarifies when users act as data controllers and stresses that manufacturers and service…
European Data Protection Board · General Data Protection Regulation
Moderate Guidance Signed European Union · Oct 13, 2026
EU and Ukraine sign administrative arrangement between CERT-EU and CERT-UA at 5th Cyber Dialogue
During the 5th EU‑Ukraine Cyber Dialogue on 9 October, the EU and Ukraine signed an administrative arrangement to enable information exchange between CERT‑EU and its Ukrainian counterpart, CERT‑UA. The dialogue also covered alignment with…
CERT-EU · NIS2 Directive
Moderate Proposed regulation Announced European Union · Oct 13, 2026
EU Commission references forthcoming EU KIDS Act during EU Code Week 2026 launch
At the EU Code Week 2026 opening, the European Commission highlighted several AI‑related initiatives, including the AI Act, the Digital Education Action Plan, the BIK+ strategy, and the forthcoming EU KIDS Act. The event underscored the…
European Commission · EU AI Act
Moderate Fine In effect France · Oct 13, 2026
French DPA fines Google €325 million for spam emails in Gmail
The French data protection authority imposed a €325 million administrative fine on Google for sending spam emails through Gmail, citing violations of the GDPR.
French Data Protection Authority · General Data Protection Regulation
Moderate Guidance Announced European Union · Oct 12, 2026
Future of Privacy Forum Announces 2026 Award Recipients Honoring Data Protection Leadership in Europe
The Future of Privacy Forum announced the winners of its 2026 Awards, recognizing the European Data Protection Supervisor, scholar Christopher Kuner, and SAP executive Corinna Cellarius for their contributions to data protection and…
EDPB · General Data Protection Regulation
Moderate Guidance Published European Union · Oct 12, 2026
noyb ranks EU Parliament members on their stance toward GDPR and ePrivacy amendments
noyb analysed over 1,000 amendments to the GDPR and ePrivacy Directive linked to the Digital Omnibus reform, grading each MEP on whether their changes strengthen or weaken privacy protections. The report finds the European People’s Party…
ePrivacy Directive
Moderate Executive order Signed United States (federal) · Oct 9, 2026
President Trump issues executive order creating federal voter eligibility list
In March 2026, President Trump issued an executive order directing DHS to compile a list of U.S. citizens 18 years or older and directing DOJ to prosecute officials who provide ballots to ineligible voters. The order has been challenged by…
Privacy Act of 1974
Moderate Fine In effect Italy · Oct 9, 2026 · effective Aug 6, 2026
Italian DPA fines security firm €39,000 for employee data violations
The Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante) imposed a total administrative fine of EUR 39,000 on La Patria S.p.A. for failing to respond to employee access requests and for inadequate information about GPS‑derived geolocation data. The…
Garante – Italian Data Protection Authority · General Data Protection Regulation
Moderate Guidance Published France · Oct 9, 2026
CNIL hosts 2nd Rencontres Informatique & Libertés on connected glasses and data‑sanctions
The French data‑protection authority CNIL held its second Rencontres Informatique & Libertés on 29 September 2026, featuring panels on the privacy impact of connected glasses and the role of sanctions under the GDPR. The event gathered…
CNIL · RGPD
Moderate Guidance Published European Union · Oct 9, 2026
EU AI Scientific Panel holds special meeting on frontier AI safety and loss-of-control incidents
On 9 October 2026 the European Commission’s AI Scientific Panel met to discuss recent loss-of-control incidents and technical developments that reduce model monitorability. The panel presented recommendations to strengthen EU capabilities…
European Commission · EU AI Act
Moderate Proposed bill Proposed United States (federal) · Oct 8, 2026
EPIC urges Congress to ban CBP's use of financial data in predictive policing
EPIC reports that Customs & Border Patrol's Predictive Intelligence Targeting Teams are using financial records and travel data to target individuals without disclosing how the data was obtained. The article cites past ICE bulk subpoenas…
U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) · Right to Financial Privacy Act
Moderate Proposed regulation Proposed Vermont · Oct 8, 2026
Future of Privacy Forum submits comments on Vermont Age-Appropriate Design Code rulemaking
On October 2, 2026 the Future of Privacy Forum filed comments to the Vermont Attorney General’s rulemaking for the Age-Appropriate Design Code. The act, enacted in June 2025, sets duties for businesses serving minors and will become…
Vermont Office of the Attorney General · California Age-Appropriate Design Code Act
Moderate Guidance In effect Italy · Oct 8, 2026 · effective Oct 29, 2026 · deadline Oct 29, 2026
Italian Garante's tracking-pixel guidelines become effective Oct 29, 2026
The Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante) issued guidelines governing the use of tracking pixels in email communications. Organizations must comply with the guidelines by October 29, 2026. The guidelines are now effective as of that…
Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)
Moderate Proposed regulation Proposed France · Oct 8, 2026
CNIL examines draft deliberation authorizing BIG DATA SANTE to process personal data for anonymized medical research (ONCOVAL)
During its plenary session on 8 October 2026, the CNIL will consider a draft deliberation that would permit BIG DATA SANTE (Octopize Mimethik Data) to carry out automated processing of personal data to create anonymised datasets for…
Commission nationale de l'informatique et des libertés (CNIL) · Law of 6 January 1978
Moderate Enforcement Decided Greece · Oct 8, 2026 · effective Jul 28, 2026
Hellenic DPA fines Ministry and EETAA for data breach
The Hellenic Data Protection Authority imposed administrative fines of EUR 200,000 on the Ministry of Social Cohesion and Family Affairs and EUR 150,000 on E.E.T.A.A. S.A. for a large‑scale personal data breach. The Authority also ordered…
Hellenic Data Protection Authority · General Data Protection Regulation
Moderate Enforcement Decided France · Oct 8, 2026
CNIL closes injunction against FRANCE TRAVAIL after compliance with data security measures
The French data protection authority (CNIL) closed the injunction issued on 22 January 2026 against FRANCE TRAVAIL, after the organization demonstrated compliance with the security measures required by Article 32 of the GDPR. The original…
CNIL · RGPD
Moderate Guidance Published Spain · Oct 8, 2026
AEPD publishes second issue of scientific journal “Privacy, Innovation and Technology”
The Spanish Data Protection Agency released the second issue of its scientific journal PIT, dedicated to the 10th anniversary of the GDPR. The monograph examines proactive responsibility, the right to explanation in automated decisions…
Agencia Española de Protección de Datos (AEPD) · Reglamento General de Protección de Datos (RGPD)
Moderate Proposed bill Introduced United States (federal) · Oct 7, 2026
Sen. Gillibrand reintroduces Data Protection Act to create U.S. Data Protection Agency
U.S. Senator Kirsten Gillibrand (D‑NY) has reintroduced the Data Protection Act, which would establish an independent federal Data Protection Agency. The bill aims to limit collection, use and sharing of personal data, oversee high‑risk…
Moderate Guidance Announced United States (federal) · Oct 7, 2026
FTC announces new study on personalized pricing under Section 6(b) of the FTC Act
FTC Chair Andrew Ferguson announced plans for a study examining personalized pricing practices. The study will be conducted under the authority of Section 6(b) of the FTC Act.
Federal Trade Commission · FTC Act Section 5
← NewerOlder →
Coming up
Oct 2026
19
FCC proposes to modify system of records for National Deaf-Blind Equipment Distribution Program
United States (federal) · effective
Oct 2026
19
FCC modifies Lifeline Program system of records (FCC/WCB-1) under the Privacy Act
United States (federal) · effective
Oct 2026
26
Peace Corps announces new CRM system of records (PC 38) effective Oct 26, 2026
United States (federal) · effective
Oct 2026
28
HHS modifies ORR Unaccompanied Children system of records, effective Oct 28, 2026
United States (federal) · effective
Oct 2026
29
Italian Garante's tracking-pixel guidelines become effective Oct 29, 2026
Italy · effective
Oct 2026
29
Italian Garante's tracking-pixel guidelines become effective Oct 29, 2026
Italy · compliance deadline
Nov 2026
2
DOI establishes new matching program under Privacy Act of 1974
United States (federal) · effective
Nov 2026
5
Treasury exempts new tip intake records from certain Privacy Act provisions
United States (federal) · effective
Nov 2026
6
Treasury proposes new system of records for federal student aid data
United States (federal) · effective
Nov 2026
16
NARA proposes revisions to System of Records NARA 44 for reasonable accommodation requests
United States (federal) · effective
Nov 2026
24
Farm Credit Administration amends employee payroll system of records under Privacy Act, effective Nov 24, 2026
United States (federal) · effective
Dec 2026
20
AEPD launches call for articles for third issue of Revista PIT on GDPR and emerging regulations
Spain · compliance deadline
By jurisdiction
United States (federal)67 new · 16 laws European Union23 new · 14 laws California14 new · 5 laws France14 new · 0 laws New York9 new · 2 laws Italy6 new · 0 laws Spain5 new · 0 laws Global3 new · 0 laws Texas2 new · 3 laws Vermont2 new · 2 laws EU-GB2 new · 0 laws Ireland2 new · 0 laws
All jurisdictions →
Topics this month
privacy · 113security · 67ai governance · 53transparency · 34data minimization · 31children · 28profiling · 27automated decision making · 26consent · 21targeted advertising · 19access · 17data governance · 16