High severity · published Dec 29, 2025
CVE-2025-68431
libheif has Potential Heap Buffer Over-Read
7.1
CVSS
0.4%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
libheif is an HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. Prior to version 1.21.0, a crafted HEIF that exercises the overlay image item path triggers a heap buffer over-read in `HeifPixelImage::overlay()`. The function computes a negative row length (likely from an unclipped overlay rectangle or invalid offsets), which then underflows when converted to `size_t` and is passed to `memcpy`, causing a very large read past the end of the source plane and a crash. Version 1.21.0 contains a patch. As a workaround, avoid decoding images using `iovl` overlay boxes.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
Required
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
None
Availability
High
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.4% · higher than 37% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
LI
libheif · strukturag
< 1.21.0 · source: vendor, NVD
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68431
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-68431
Patch
https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/commit/b8c12a7b70f46c9516711a988483bed377b78d46
Product
https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/releases/tag/v1.21.0
Exploit
https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-j87x-4gmq-cqfq
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