High severity · published Nov 18, 2025
CVE-2025-65015
joserfc has Possible Uncontrolled Resource Consumption Vulnerability Triggered by Logging Arbitrarily Large JWT Token Payloads
7.5
CVSS
0.4%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
joserfc is a Python library that provides an implementation of several JSON Object Signing and Encryption (JOSE) standards. In versions from 1.3.3 to before 1.3.5 and from 1.4.0 to before 1.4.2, the ExceededSizeError exception messages are embedded with non-decoded JWT token parts and may cause Python logging to record an arbitrarily large, forged JWT payload. In situations where a misconfigured — or entirely absent — production-grade web server sits in front of a Python web application, an attacker may be able to send arbitrarily large bearer tokens in the HTTP request headers. When this occurs, Python logging or diagnostic tools (e.g., Sentry) may end up processing extremely large log messages containing the full JWT header during the joserfc.jwt.decode() operation. The same behavior also appears when validating claims and signature payload sizes, as the library raises joserfc.errors.ExceededSizeError() with the full payload embedded in the exception message. Since the payload is already fully loaded into memory at this stage, the library cannot prevent or reject it. This issue has been patched in versions 1.3.5 and 1.4.2.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.4% · higher than 38% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
JO
joserfc · authlib
>= 1.3.3, < 1.3.5; >= 1.4.0, < 1.4.2 · source: vendor, NVD
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-65015
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-65015
Patch
https://github.com/authlib/joserfc/commit/63932f169d924caffafa761af2122b82059017f7
Patch
https://github.com/authlib/joserfc/commit/673c8743fd0605b0e1de6452be6cba75f44e466b
Release Notes
https://github.com/authlib/joserfc/releases/tag/1.3.5
Release Notes
https://github.com/authlib/joserfc/releases/tag/1.4.2
Exploit
https://github.com/authlib/joserfc/security/advisories/GHSA-frfh-8v73-gjg4
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