Medium severity · published Mar 9, 2025
CVE-2025-27636
Apache Camel: Camel Message Header Injection via Improper Filtering
5.6
CVSS
97.1%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
Bypass/Injection vulnerability in Apache Camel components under particular conditions.
This issue affects Apache Camel: from 4.10.0 through <= 4.10.1, from 4.8.0 through <= 4.8.4, from 3.10.0 through <= 3.22.3.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.10.2 for 4.10.x LTS, 4.8.5 for 4.8.x LTS and 3.22.4 for 3.x releases.
This vulnerability is present in Camel's default incoming header filter, that allows an attacker to include Camel specific
headers that for some Camel components can alter the behaviours such as the camel-bean component, to call another method
on the bean, than was coded in the application. In the camel-jms component, then a malicious header can be used to send
the message to another queue (on the same broker) than was coded in the application. This could also be seen by using the camel-exec component
The attacker would need to inject custom headers, such as HTTP protocols. So if you have Camel applications that are
directly connected to the internet via HTTP, then an attacker could include malicious HTTP headers in the HTTP requests
that are send to the Camel application.
All the known Camel HTTP component such as camel-servlet, camel-jetty, camel-undertow, camel-platform-http, and camel-netty-http would be vulnerable out of the box.
In these conditions an attacker could be able to forge a Camel header name and make the bean component invoking other methods in the same bean.
In terms of usage of the default header filter strategy the list of components using that is:
* camel-activemq
* camel-activemq6
* camel-amqp
* camel-aws2-sqs
* camel-azure-servicebus
* camel-cxf-rest
* camel-cxf-soap
* camel-http
* camel-jetty
* camel-jms
* camel-kafka
* camel-knative
* camel-mail
* camel-nats
* camel-netty-http
* camel-platform-http
* camel-rest
* camel-sjms
* camel-spring-rabbitmq
* camel-stomp
* camel-tahu
* camel-undertow
* camel-xmpp
The vulnerability arises due to a bug in the default filtering mechanism that only blocks headers starting with "Camel", "camel", or "org.apache.camel.".
Mitigation: You can easily work around this in your Camel applications by removing the headers in your Camel routes. There are many ways of doing this, also globally or per route. This means you could use the removeHeaders EIP, to filter out anything like "cAmel, cAMEL" etc, or in general everything not starting with "Camel", "camel" or "org.apache.camel.".
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
High
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
Low
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)97.1% · higher than 100% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
AC
Apache Camel · Apache Software Foundation
4.10.0 before 4.10.2; 4.8.0 before 4.8.5; 3.10.0 before 3.22.4 · source: vendor
CA
Camel · Apache
3.10.0 before 3.22.4; 4.8.0 before 4.8.5; 4.10.0 before 4.10.2 · source: NVD
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27636
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-27636
Vendor Advisory
https://camel.apache.org/security/CVE-2025-27636.html
Issue Tracking
https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CAMEL-21828
Mailing List
https://lists.apache.org/thread/l3zcg3vts88bmc7w8172wkgw610y693z
Mailing List
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/03/09/1
Exploit
https://camel.apache.org/security/CVE-2025-27636.txt.asc
Product
https://github.com/akamai/CVE-2025-27636-Apache-Camel-PoC/blob/main/src/main/java/com/example/camel/VulnerableCamel.java
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